Prepare a report on a critical health issue in a community or state describing the factors that contribute to the health issue and interventions that have been implemented.
Overview

Prepare a 3–4 page report on a critical health issue in a community or state. Describe the factors that contribute to the health issue and interventions that have been implemented. Explain the scope and role of nursing in the interventions, and recommend ways the scope of the interventions might be expanded.

By successfully completing this assessment, you will demonstrate your proficiency in the following course competencies and assessment criteria:

Competency 1: Explain the factors that affect the health of communities.

Explain the factors that contribute to a critical health care issue within a specific community.

Competency 2: Apply evidence-based interventions to promote health and disease prevention and respond to community health issues.

Describe current interventions to target a critical health care issue within a specific community.

Describe the scope and role of nursing in current interventions that target a critical health care issue.

Recommend evidence-based ways to expand the scope of interventions to target a critical health care issue.

Competency 4: Communicate in a manner that is scholarly, professional, and consistent with expectations of a nursing professional.

Describe a critical health care issue within a specific community.

Write content clearly and logically with correct use of grammar, punctuation, and mechanics.

Correctly format citations and references, using current APA style.

Context

Community/public health nursing is nursing care that is population-focused and occurs in non-hospital settings. Numerous nursing theories can provide the structure for community/public health nursing; however, nursing theories that incorporate components of the general systems theory frequently provide the framework for the practice of community/public health nursing.

Historically, nurses have made significant contributions to the field of public health. From providing maternal-child care to poor women in the late 1800s, to promoting hygiene among school aged children in the early 1900s, to providing environmental and safety care to industrial workers during World War I, nurses have been instrumental in shaping health policies (Maurer & Smith, 2013). Today, community/public health nurses have a key role in identifying and developing plans of care to address local, national, and international health issues.

Many factors influence the health of communities and populations, including national policies that focus on health promotion. Healthy People, a major national health promotion program issued by the U.S. Surgeon General, identifies major health problems of the nation and sets national goals and objectives targeting health promotion (Maurer & Smith, 2013). If adopted, activities that target health promotion can result in disease prevention.

Reference

Maurer, F. A., & Smith, C. M. (2013). Community/public health nursing practice: Health for families and populations (5th ed.). St. Louis, MO: W. B. Saunders.

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Questions to Consider

To deepen your understanding, you are encouraged to consider the questions below and discuss them with a fellow learner, a work associate, an interested friend, or a member of the business community.

What kinds of public health care services are available in your community? Do you think these services adequately meet the needs of the community?

How would you improve the scope of the services?

Suggested Resources

Library Resources
The following e-books or articles from the Capella University Library are linked directly in this course:

Severance, J. H., & Zinnah, S. L. (2009). Community-based perceptions of neighborhood health in urban neighborhoods. Journal of Community Health Nursing, 26(1), 14–23.

Schofield, R., Ganann, R., Brooks, S., McGugan, J., Bona, K. D., Betker, C., Dilworth, K., … Watson, C. (2011). Community health nursing vision for 2020: Shaping the future. Western Journal of Nursing Research, 33(8),1047–1068.

Mendez-Luck, C. A., Bethel, J. W., Goins, R. T., Schure, M. B., & McDermott, E. (2015). Community as a source of health in three racial/ethnic communities in Oregon: A qualitative study. BMC Public Health, 15(1), 1–10.

Galloway-Gilliam, L. (2013). Racial and ethnic approaches to community health. National Civic Review, 102(4), 46–48.

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Differentiated instruction doesn’t start with teaching, it starts with building relationships in a safe, positive classroom environment. This week you will create a differentiated classroom framework based on a design that was originally constructed to assist teachers in meeting the new Common Core State Standards in an inclusion classroom (Voltz, Sims, Nelson, & Bivens, 2005). This framework will be shared with other teachers in your Professional Learning Community (PLC) with the shared vision of creating a strong school vision that is student-centered through the foundations of differentiation.

Assignment Instructions:

You will design a differentiated classroom environment plan that includes a physical layout along with pro-social strategies for encouraging positive behaviors. This may be presented as a Prezi or PowerPoint, in a Voicethread with audio narration, blog space, or using a standard Word document. The length of presentation style will be determined by your choice of presentation tool. Each section below must be thoroughly addressed. The minimum length requirements are listed below.

Demographics – Describe your current (or fictional) classroom including:

Grade Level and Subject Area Total number of students – ability levels, gender, students with special needs, English Language Learners (ELLs) Other relevant information (such as socioeconomic status, family background, recurring behavior issues, etc.)

Classroom Environment – Discuss how you will use foundational concepts of differentiated instruction to design your classroom’s physical layout to meet the demographics you’ve outlined. Be sure to include:

Furniture arrangement (this includes students desks, teacher’s desk, computers, reading corner, library, pets, quiet zone) Architecture (this includes immobile objects and structures such as doors, windows, bathroom, sink, bulletin boards, chalk/ white boards)

You must include at least one scholarly, research-based article to support your design. You must also include either a diagram, photos, or illustration along with a written (three to four paragraphs) or narrated explanation (one to two minutes) of why you chose this particular layout and how it relates to your class demographics.

Classroom Environment – Minimum Length Requirements:

Prezi or PowerPoint – three slides Blog or Standard word document – three to four paragraphs Narrated Voicethread – one to two minutes

Positive Behavior Environment – Describe how you will encourage positive behavior using proactive differentiated strategies based on current (within the last five years) research. Be sure to include:

Rules and routines that maximize success Value individual differences Emotionally safe environment Specific behaviors are expected (respect, listening, problem solving)

Positive Behavior Environment – Minimum Length Requirements:

Prezi or PowerPoint – six slides Blog or Standard Word document – six paragraphs Narrated Voicethread – three minutes

Use your course text and at least two scholarly articles from the Ashford University Library or Google Scholar to support your research. Be sure to provide proper APA citations at the end of your assignment for the sources that you use (e.g., at the bottom of the blog or last slide of PowerPoint). If writing a paper, APA format should be followed including title and reference pages.

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Medicare is a program that serves the 65 and over population plus includes people with disabilities. The program was established to help the aging population who experience more health costs at a time in their lives where they have a declining income.

1 The program has changed since its inception and is facing challenges. Providing affordable health care is still an issue although there has been some progress since the development of the Affordable Care Act. Specifically, there is concern around prescription drug spending.2 In the next 40+ years the 65 and older age group will double to about 84 million people. Medicare spending goes up disproportionately for seniors who are 80 years old and up. The number of people reaching that age group in the next 40 years will be about 31 million, triple the current number, which means that spending will increase.3
It is good policy to make sure that all Americans have access to healthcare but it is important that when dealing with specific populations, such as Medicare does with senior citizens and disabled persons, that cost is a key consideration. These populations are severely limited on income and are too often deciding between medications and food or housing etc. I think that Medicare could better serve for this population.
References:
1. Social Security History. Social Security Administration Website. https://www.ssa.gov/history/ssa/lbjmedicare1.html. Accessed April 6, 2017.
2. The Henry J. Kaiser Family Foundation. An Overview of Medicare. KFF.org. http://kff.org/medicare/issue-brief/an-overview-of-medicare/ Published April 1, 2016. Accessed April 7, 2017.
3. The Henry J. Kaiser Family Foundation. 10 Essential Facts About Medicare’s Financial Outlook. KFF.org. http://kff.org/medicare/issue-brief/10-essential-facts-about-medicares-financial-outlook/ Published February 2, 2017. Accessed April 7, 2017.

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LAWS20060 – TERM 1, 2017
ASSESSMENT 1 – INDIVIDUAL ASSIGNMENT
Marks: 40% of the overall assessment for the course
Submission: Online via Moodle
Format: One file in .doc or .docx (MSWord) format.
Submissions in any other file format (e.g. .zip) will be treated as a non-submission.
Word limit: 2000-3000 words
Due date extended: Week 8 Thursday (04-May-2017) 05:00 PM AEST
Return to students: Week 11 Friday (26-May-2017)
Extensions policy:
The university policy on extensions of time will be strictly enforced. Extensions will usually only be considered if made via the online system and based on medical or compassionate grounds. Any extension application should be made before the due date for submission. Medical conditions should be supported by a medical certificate, and, since students are expected to start the assignment early, temporary or last-minute conditions are usually not grounds for an extension. Professionals are expected to manage their time to meet their obligations, so work or personal commitments are insufficient grounds for an extension.
Plagiarism:
The university’s plagiarism policy will also be strictly enforced. If plagiarism is found, a minimum penalty is likely to be zero marks for the assessment. It could be worse.
QUESTION 1: 20 marks, 20% of the subject
Australian citizen and tech genius, Marty Goodson, set up “Planks Pty Ltd”, a tech business in Silicon Valley USA in 2012 developing new platforms for web designers and companies throughout the world. He incorporated the company in the USA and issued five shares to himself and five shares to five of his friends. His friends now reside in the US, Europe, Asia, Australia, and New Zealand. Each share was worth $100,000. Marty and his team used the $1,000,000 equity capital to develop a successful tech company in only a few years.
During the 2012/2013 financial year, Marty’s income was $100,000, and he did not return to Australia. During the 2013/2014 financial year, Marty’s income was $200,000 and he returned to Australia during the Christmas period for four weeks to spend time with his mother, father, and sister. His sister and her husband live in his residential home rent free. He met with his accountant to discuss the status of his three commercial investment properties in Brisbane, Sydney, and Melbourne. He also attended a friend’s birthday party and fell in love. During the 2014/2015 financial year, Marty’s income was $400,000 and he returned to Australia from the 1st September to the 1st April to spend time with his girlfriend. During the 2015/2016 financial year, Marty earned $100,000 before he returned to Australia permanently to marry the love of his life and start a family.
During the 2012/2013 financial year, Marty was the sole director and made all the management decisions for the company. The company made $1,000,000 profit. During the 2013/2014 financial year, the company expanded and the shareholders appointed a board of directors who all reside in the USA. However, it was widely assumed by the staff that Marty still made all the important decisions. The company made $10,000,000 profit. During the 2014/2015 financial year, Marty was appointed managing director. From 1st September to the 1st April, Marty made all his management decisions from Australia, and carried out all associated business activities such as signing contracts, and trading Platforms from Australia. The company made $25,000,000 profit. During the 2015/2016 financial year, Marty resigned as managing director, sold his shares to another tech company for $50,000,000, and returned to Australia a very rich man. The company made $50,000,000 profit.
Solve the following issues:
a. Is Marty an Australian resident for tax purposes? (5 marks)
b. Is Planks an Australian resident company for tax purposes? (5 marks)
c. If any, calculate the Australian tax liability relating to Marty’s employment income? (5 marks)
d. If any, calculate the Australian tax liability relating to Planks’ company profit? (5 marks)
QUESTION 2: 20 marks, 20% of the subject
Rommy bought a country property in rural New South Wales in 2000 for $500,000. Initially it was used as a weekend retreat and later as a weekend hobby farm producing a relatively small quantity of grapes which made a few crates of reserve quality wine.
Rommy ultimately drank 5 boxes throughout the year, gave 10 boxes away to friends, sold another 20 boxes at the local market on the one occasion he had a stall, and sold another 20 boxes on the side of the road outside his property with the assistance of an honesty box. Each bottle was worth $20. In 2015, Rommy subdivided his property and sold it for a total price of $1,500,000.
Solve the issue as to whether Rommy should include any financial amounts in his assessable income.
Assessment criteria
Evaluation Criteria
These criteria are a general guide as to the standard expected at the various levels. Characteristics indicative of the respective levels of achievement in the assignment are as follows. It is not necessarily the case that all these criteria will be met at a particular standard as there may be a superior performance on one of the criteria and not so satisfactory performance on another.
High distinction standard
• The answer is very well written and clearly expressed
• There is a demonstrated appreciation and understanding of the issues involved
• The answer is well structured and logically organised
• Demonstrated mastery of referencing system
• There is evidence of a comprehensive analysis of the issues
• Conclusions are backed by well-reasoned arguments demonstrating a detailed insight and analysis of issues
• Comprehensive coverage of all relevant issues
• References are made to the appropriated legislation for particular issues
• Statutory provisions are analysed and interpreted correctly
• The legislation is applied to the particular fact situation in a competent manner
• Consideration is given to the operation of the common law
• There may be consideration of issues not raised in the tutorials and answer guides
Distinction standard
• The answer is well written and expressed
• The answer is structured and logical
• The issues have been reasonably well identified and appreciated
• There is correct use of referencing
• Issues have been analysed
• Reference is made to all appropriate legislation, although the analysis and interpretation is not as detailed and reasoned as for the high distinction standard
• The effect of the common law is considered
• There is a comprehensive coverage of the issues
• Occasional errors of law and legal reasoning may still be present
Credit standard
• The answer is generally well written and expressed
• The answer is structured and sequential
• Referencing is satisfactory
• Issues are identified and addressed
• There has been an attempt to analyse some of the issues
• The coverage of issues is reasonably comprehensive often with a good treatment and analysis of particular points
• Errors of law and incorrect reasoning may sometimes be present
• Statutory interpretation may require improvement
• Depth of treatment is often lacking in some of the issues
• Pass standard
• The answer is able to be followed and understood
• The answer could perhaps be better organised and structured
• The referencing may need improvement
• Issues may need to be identified and addressed in more depth
• Analysis when present may be incorrect
• Some familiarity with the legislation and its application is demonstrated
• Sometimes the conclusions reached are simple
• There may be several errors of law
• There may be quantities of material of marginal relevance included in the answer
Fail standard
• The answer may be significantly short of the required length
• The written expression is poor and difficult to understand
• The answer is poorly organised
• There has been a failure to identify and address the issues in the question
• Referencing is generally inadequate
• There is a lack of familiarity with the legislation and its appropriate application
• The reasoning and application demonstrated is poor
• Frequently there is much irrelevant material

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Question
Evaluating Thompson v. Voldah as government takes on more and more functions, explain if it makes sense for the rules to be different for private contractual parties especially when the contract states (as with “duly authorized”). Support your position with examples or evidence. Analyzing Brunoli, Inc. v. Town of Bradford, identify and then describe the remedies that should be available. Explain which you would recommend to be the best remedy for both parties

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