The concept of ____________ maintains that societal change occurs when societies borrow cultural traits from one another.

GED210 Introduction to Cultural Anthropology Unit 2 Exam

One goal of anthropological linguistics is to determine the number of phonemes (phoneticstructure) that exist in different languages. This goal is accomplished by employing the use of:
minimal pairs
phone taps
maximal differences
syntax units

The word “lower” contains:
two bound morphemes
two bound phonemes
two free morphemes
one bound morpheme and one free morpheme

The words “boy” and “girl” are:
bound phonemes
bound morphemes
free morphemes
bound phones

An example of a bound morpheme in English is:
the phrase “boys will be boys”
the word “boys”
the word “boy”
the “s” in the word “boys”

How many morphemes are there in the English word “antidisestablishmentarianism”?
1
6
28
0

The goal of ethno semantics is to understand:
that reality is inherently unorganized and can be perceived in any way; thus, color
naming, plant classification, and time categories are completely arbitrary

the meanings of words, phrases, and sentences and how members of other societies use
language to organize things, events, and behaviors

that languages and behavior are the same
that classification systems in all societies are random

Linguistic anthropologists find that people who are forced to abandon their native language and culture:
begin to lose their self-esteem
all speak English
are better off socially and economically
easily regain both in 100 years

The concept of ____________ maintains that societal change occurs when societies borrow cultural traits from one another.
functionalism
structuralism
evolutionary dispersal
diffusionism

The body of anthropological theory concerned with the spread of technology, religion, economic systems, art forms, and other expressions of culture is known as:
idealism
particularism
functionalism
diffusionism

Grafton Eliot Smith and William Perry, major figures associated with the school of British diffusionism in the early 20th century, proposed that:
each culture has a key personality type
a culture can only be interpreted in the context of its own historical development
culture’s principal function is establishing institutions to guide behavior
all aspects of civilization are derived from the culture of ancient Egypt

In order for diffusionism to work as envisioned by the British and German schools, adherents had to assume or maintain all of the following ideas except:
some peoples were not sufficiently innovative to develop their own cultural traits
inherent inferiority of different non-western peoples was assumed
cultural traits that were diffused were part of the technological dimension of the society
cultural traits in the same geographical region would inevitably spread from one society to another

One of boas’ principal criticisms of nineteenth century anthropologists was that:
they failed to make use of archaeological evidence for pre-literate societies
their theories were based on “armchair anthropology” and not their own fieldwork
there was too much cultural relativism in their interpretations
they failed to assign adequate importance to biological effects on culture

According to Franz Boas, in order to conduct a historical particularist study of a society, one must adopt the notion of ___________, or the belief that each society should be understood in terms of its own cultural practices and values.
particular evolution
cultural relativism
lagged diffusionism
functionalism

During your lifetime you will probably be a member of two families, the family of orientation (the family into which you were born and enculturated) and the family of __________ (the family in which you will have or adopt children).
acculturation
deculturation
procreation
life

Which of the following is not a function of the family?
nurture and enculturation of children
regulation of sexual activity
protection and support for members
regulation of statuses, roles, and gender

A typical ____________ family consists of two parents and their immediate biological offspring or adopted children.
basic
atomic
extended
nuclear

Marriage within the same social group or category is __________, while __________ is marriage between people from different social categories or groups.
incest; outcest
endogamy; exogamy
in-marriage; out-marriage
monogamy; polygamy

From a female perspective, you will be a daughter and possibly a mother and wife. As such, you assume what are called __________ roles that correspond to these different status positions.
family
social
gender
temporary

The relationship between age and status is an anthropologically interesting subject. Which of the following statements concerning age and status is correct?
Since age is biologically determined, the statuses attached to each age category are the same in every culture around the world.
The elderly occupy a high level of status in all societies.
Anthropologists doing cross-cultural research have found that age does not influence status; statuses are either ascribed at birth or earned during one’s lifetime, and they donot change even if one ages.
Anthropologists have found that age stratification varies in accordance with the level of technological development; the elderly have relatively high status in many preindustrial societies, but experience a loss of status in most industrial societies.

“Fission” and “fusion” in hunting and gathering societies refer to:
hazards of contacts with the industrialized world
cyclical change in population density relative to resources
decision-making processes used by tribal leaders
the dynamics of wild plant resources

Hunting and gathering societies will sometimes resort to infanticide in order to:
engage in more frequent intercourse
supplement scarce hunting resources
reduce the effects of anticipated food shortages
make sacrifices to tribal gods

Which of the following would not have the effect of lowering fertility?
marriage at an older age
weaning babies at an older age
practicing infanticide
an earlier onset of menarche

The most likely reason why hunter-gatherer technology is limited to simple tools made of stone, wood, and bone is because foraging peoples:
lack the basic intelligence necessary to make anything more complex
are too busy looking for food to spend time on more advanced tools
have not acquired knowledge of more sophisticated technologies
substitute profound knowledge of their environment for complex tools

The principal technology used for obtaining plant foods by tropical foragers is the:
boomerang
blowgun and darts
polished stone axe
digging stick

The _________ produced the most extensive material culture found among hunting and gathering societies.
Kung San
Eskimo
Shoshone
Mbuti